What type of model is primarily described as passive?

The term "passive" in the context of modeling often refers to the way a model represents or describes existing phenomena without actively influencing or changing them. A descriptive model focuses on representing the characteristics, relationships, and patterns of data as they currently exist. This type of model generally summarizes and provides insights about the data without suggesting actions or interventions to alter those characteristics.

Descriptive models are useful for understanding and analyzing historical data, identifying trends, and summarizing information without implying any recommendations or actions that should be taken. This is in contrast to dynamic models, which simulate changes over time, and prescriptive models, which provide recommendations based on certain inputs and desired outcomes.

Topological models, while they do relate to the arrangement and connectivity of spatial data, do not fit the description of being passive in the same sense as descriptive models. Thus, the emphasis on observing and drawing conclusions from existing data makes the descriptive model the appropriate choice for a model primarily characterized as passive.