Which of the following problems helps in determining the coordinates of a second point based on azimuth and distance?

The problem of determining the coordinates of a second point based on azimuth and distance is known as the first (direct) geodetic problem. This problem involves starting with a known point (often referred to as the initial point) and using the specified azimuth (the angle measured clockwise from a north base direction) and the distance to calculate the coordinates of a new point.

In this context, the process involves applying spherical trigonometry or the principles of geodesy to work out the latitude and longitude of the unknown point based on the given distance and azimuth from the known coordinate. The first geodetic problem is essential in navigation, surveying, and other applications where the extension of a known position to find another is needed.

On the other hand, the second (inverse) geodetic problem addresses determining the distance and azimuth from two known points rather than projecting coordinates to a new point. Geospatial analysis refers to the examination of spatial data and does not directly solve for coordinates from distance and azimuth, while height determination deals specifically with vertical measurements, not horizontal positioning in the context of this question.