Which of the following terms describes features that are near each other?

Proximity refers specifically to the state of being close to something in terms of location. In the context of GIS and geospatial analysis, it captures the idea of measuring or assessing the closeness of features to one another. This term is often used when discussing how geographic entities relate in terms of distance or spatial arrangement without necessarily implying the analytical processes involved.

While proximity analysis is a broader term that incorporates the evaluation of proximity and might include various techniques to assess distances between features, it is specifically an analytical method rather than a term describing proximity itself. Distance measurement relates to the actual calculation of how far apart features are, which is related but not the general concept of being near to one another. Spatial distribution, on the other hand, deals with how features are arranged across a geographic space and does not explicitly focus on the closeness of features.

Overall, proximity is a foundational term that emphasizes the relationship and closeness of geographic features, making it the most appropriate choice for describing features that are near each other.